Malaysia And The Vision 2020 Commerce Essay

Malaysia And The Vision 2020 Commerce judgeMalaysia is one of the earliest countries in the valet due to Dr. Mahathir who conceived of Vision 2020 and encouraged all(a) Malaysians to earn this cultivation by sharing in this plan. Vision 2020 has do from a personnel heap -Mahathirs vision- and it very quickly became a acresal Vision due to the passlent communicator of this Vision by the prime minister and his political sympathies members. The Vision sets in the altogether and higher goals for national aspiration, and this vision contribute dramatically in changing the federal agency Malaysians see themselves and the direction of their sh ard destiny. No longer are we resigned to the fact that we are a evolution country that go a style, at best, re master(prenominal) second rate. Malaysians are urged by the Prime Minister to strive to be the best and not settle for the second best. There is nothing that we are not capable of doing, if we are prepared to work hard and use our ingenuity and resourcefulness.vision 2020(wawasan 2020)The following text is from the Malaysia vision tissue site , its explain the vision 2020 gratuityed by Dr Mahathir Mohamed at the Malaysian Business Council.The purpose of this paper is to present forrader you some thoughts on the future course of our nation and how we should go about to attain our object glass of developing Malaysia into an industrialized country. Also outlined are some measures that should be in baffle in the shorter term so that the foundations lavatory be laid for the long journey towards that ultimate objective.Hopefully the Malaysian who is born today and in the years to come will be the last generation of our citizens who will be living in a country that is called developing. The ultimate objective that we should aim for is a Malaysia that is a fully genuine country by the year 2020.What, you might rightly ask, is a fully essential country? Do we want to be ilk any particular country of the p resent 19 countries that are generally regarded as developed countries? Do we want to be like the United Kingdom, like Canada, like Holland, like Sweden, like Finland, like Japan? To be sure, each of the 19, out of a world community of more than 160 states, has its strengths. But each also has its fair share of weaknesses. Without being a duplicate of any of them we can still be developed. We should be a developed country in our own mould.Malaysia should not be developed notwithstanding in the sparing sense. It must be a nation that is fully developed along all the dimensions economically, politically, easy-disposedly, spiritually, psychologically and culturally. We must be fully developed in terms of national unity and social cohesion, in terms of our economy, in terms of social justice, political stability, system of g overnment, quality of life, social and spiritual determine, national pride and confidence. 01Some policies and strategies of vision 2020 ( wawasan 2020 )03-01 the Malaysia economic policy and strategyThis new-sprung(prenominal) policy can be considered an add-on document to the NEP it provides a modelling towards Dr. Mahathirs new vision 2020 plan symbolizing the way forward policy towards a developed nation in 2020. This will require the nation to put forward a 7-plus percent growth rates for the following 25 years. Prime Minister Mahathir believes raising workforce quality and developing expertise in ripe industries are decisive elements in the countrys road to economic success and developing (Brown 1993 43). In order to comfort these growth requirements, the NDP has relaxed many of the FDI restrictions imposed by the NEP much(prenominal) as equity and licensing requirements and procedures.The purpose of the industrial original Plan which was formulated by the United Nations Industrial. 02 Malaysia economic policy focuses on some fields to achieve its purposes Export Facilitation. Import Substitution. Tariff Structure, Strategic Exposure.03-01-01 Export FacilitationThe economic rationale of Malaysia to promote exports provides the nation with tercet important advantages.First, it generates foreign-exchange that can reduce the amount of foreign debt needed to fund development.Second, it contributes to developing a war-ridden industry infrastructure from learning from investors- a move that brings technological excellence leading to higher value-added exports. By the promotion of specific industries, such(prenominal) as the semi-conductor industry, has speeded technology acquisition and enhanced the nations competitive Worldwide surveying.Finally, FDI provides conflict in the industry heavens, which to a large extent is attracted from the agricultural sector. 02 03-01-02 Tariff StructureAs a link to the policy of maintaining a stable economy with past budget strategies of controlling inflation, in that respect urinate been major reductions and abolition of import duties on goods and services. The 19 95 budget proposes a reduction of tariffs imposed on over 2,600 items of which a majority is food items (Budget 1995 22). Also, tariffs on building materials and household appliances fill been reduced. These measures will not only control inflation, but also enhance the quality of life and favor the overall climate for investments. However, Ad Valorem taxes are imposed on imported goods and services (refer to Appendix 4) 02 .03-01-03 Import SubstitutionEconomic development in Malaysia was first built on the basis of Import Substitution, indicated by the large shift of gross national product distribution from agricultural sectors to manufacturing sectors. Import substitution has summationd in mainly three areas, transport equipment, Industrial chemicals and fertilizers and in Industrial machinery (Onn 1988 28). However, exports constitute the main source of growth in the manufacturing sector from 1970-1990 (refer to appendix 6). This trend can be explained by economic policy that belongingss great emphasis on improving industrial battle as a vehicle towards vision 2020. 02 03-01-04 Strategic ExposureStrategic exposure represents a crucial component in Strategic Trade Theory. The rationale behind lowering barriers to trade and exposing topical anesthetic industry to foreign competition is to create a more competitive national industry (Hamilton 1989 4). such a Level Playing Field policy will force local firms to increase their competitiveness to survive.Strategic exposure represents a direct link to becoming an industrialized nation by 2020 and the recognition of economic goals. Incorporating FDI as a strategic measure to enhance technological know-how can reduce domestic learning and experience curves in selected industries. By giving foreign investors considerable tax deductible incentives in areas such as training of local employees, query and development and in promotion of exports Malaysia has been able to increase World wide competitiveness as de monstrated by increasing exports and GDP (Carrol, Errion 1991 21). Malaysia aims for the year 2000 to birth at least 1.6% of GDP spent on RD and is predicting that at least 40% will come from the one-on-one sector 02 Higher educations policy and strategy 03-02-01 UniversitiesIn Malaysia, with the cooperation of the local universities formulate and create action plans for reforming applied science education in preparation for the professional expectations of the future. As a result, the universities are urged to act and play a leadership role in improving the engineering education.Interaction with local and overseas industries should also be increased. This will facilitate more realistic and relevant joint projects for students and industry professionals. Through this interaction, universities will hardiness a variety of real-world multi-disciplinary problems that are similar to the business operational problems locally and inter nationally. These problems can be employ as test cases for solution approaches. Engineering students could form interdisciplinary collaborative teams to develop effective solutions to such problems. As a result, the desired attributes for the future engineers, for example, the ability to function on multidisciplinary team, the ability to identify and purpose engineering problems, the ability to understand the professional and ethical responsibility and the ability to communicate effectively can be achieved. 03.Infrastructure and FacilitiesUniversities need to establish consensus on relevancy of a set of a new fundamental for engineering education. This may intromit instruction technology, bio-engineering, nano-skill-technologies, skills and understanding necessary for effectively leading multidisciplinary-teams, the gainsays of human body and addressing large-scale system-of-systems problems, sustainability, lifecycle perplexity of systems, risk- found asset management, and the need of lifelong learning, globalization, demog raphic realities and need for diversity 03 .AcademicianThe command of engineering education must be changed. According to Felder many students in the United States fail to excel with only the support of traditional method used in command engineering. Engineering students prefer quick teaching method .Therefore the traditional teaching engineering model must be changed to a new teaching model in line with the engineers of the 21st century. The future engineering education program should include the use of ICT (Information Communication applied science). This idea suggested by many undergraduate engineering students. The ICT genre involves the use of all tools in the forms of software, on-line program and resources to create new and improved conditions for learning, for example the use of e-learning, email, word processor, and tissue resources (both static information and dynamic interactive information) 03.Using ICT in EducationThe concept of ICT in education, as seen by the Mi nistry of Education of Malaysia, includes systems that enable information gathering, management, manipulation, access, and communication in various forms. The Ministry has formulated three main policies for ICT in education.The first policy is that of ICT for all students, meaning that ICT is used as an enabler to reduce the digital time out between the schools.The second policy emphasizes the role and function of ICT in education as a teaching and learning tool, as part of a subject, and as a subject by itself. Apart from radio receiver and television as a teaching and learning tool, this policy stresses the use of the computer for accessing information, communication, and as a productivity tool. ICT as part of a subject refers to the use of software in subjects such as Invention and Engineering Drawing. ICT as a subject refers to the introduction of subjects such as Information Technology and Computerization.The third policy emphasizes using ICT to increase productivity, efficien cy and effectiveness of the management system. ICT will be extensively used to automate and mechanize work processes such as the processing of official forms, timetable generation, management of information systems, lesson planning, financial management, and the maintenance of inventories. 04 health policy and strategyThe MOHs vision for the future and the strategic objectives are based on its corporate values that incorporate professionalism, teamwork and caring.03-03-01 Strategic GoalsPrevent and reduce the burden of disease farm the healthcare delivery systemOptimize resourcesImprove research and developmentManage crisis and disasters effectively fix the health information management system03-03-02 StrategiesImprove governance, and adoption of appropriate technology and servicePractices to seat single(a)s, families and communities towards attaining lifelong wellness.Develop skills and competencies to further reduce mortality and morbidity rates in furtherance of fortify the q uality of healthcare delivery.Establish effective business strategies to enhance organizationalPerformance and the consumption of resources. addition the use of evidence through research to support all levels of decision making.Elevate the level of preparedness in managing disasters and health-related crises effectively.Upgrade the standards of information and communication technology as well as health information science to maintain sound health information Management 05. biologic diversity policy and strategy03-04-01 PrinciplesThe vision 2020 (wawasan2020) in biological diversity based on the following principlesThe saving ethic, including the inherent right to initiation of all living forms, is deeply rooted in the religious and cultural values of all MalaysiansBiological diversity is a national heritage and it must be sustainably managed and wisely utilized today and hold for future generationsBiological resources are natural capital and their conservation is an investment that will yield benefits locally, nationally and globally for the present and futureThe benefits from sustainable management of biological diversity will accrue, directly or indirectly, to every sector of fraternityThe sustainable management of biological diversity is the responsibility of all sectors of gildIt is the duty of Government to formulate and follow through the policy framework for sustainable management and utilization of biological diversity in close cooperation with scientists, the business community and the publicThe role of local communities in the conservation, management and utilization of biological diversity must be recognized and their rightful share of benefits should be ensuredIssues in biological diversity transcend national boundaries and Malaysia must continue to exercise a proactive and rehabilitative role in international activitiesThe interdependence of nations on biological diversity and in the utilization of its components for the eudaimonia of ma nkind is recognized. International cooperation and collaboration is vital for fair and equitable sharing of biological resources, as well as access to and transfer of relevant technology normal awareness and education is essential for ensuring the conservation of biological diversity and the sustainable utilization of its components in the utilization of biological diversity, including the development of biotech, the principles and practice of biosafety should be adhered to 06.03-04-02 ObjectivesTo optimize economic benefits from sustainable utilization of the components of biological diversityTo ensure long-term food security measures for the nationTo maintain and improve environmental stability for proper functioning of ecological systemsTo ensure delivery of the unique biological heritage of the nation for the benefit of present and future generationsTo enhance scientific and technological noesis, and educational, social, cultural and aesthetic values of biological diversityT o emphasize biosafety considerations in the development and application of biotechnology06Challenges of establishing vision 2020(wawasan 2020)The first of these is the challenges of establishing a united Malaysian nation with a sense of common and divided destiny.The second is the challenge of creating a psychologically liberated, secure, and developed Malaysian Society with faith and confidence in itself, justifiably proud of what it is, of what it has accomplished, robust enough to face all manner of adversity.The third challenge we leave always faced is that of fostering and developing a right democratic cabaret, practicing a form of mature consensual, community-oriented Malaysian democracy that can be a model for many developing countries.The fourth is the challenge of establishing a fully moral and ethical society, whose citizens are strong in religious and spiritual values and imbued with the highest of ethical standards.The fifth challenge that we have always faced is the challenge of establishing a matured, liberal and wide society in which Malaysians of all colors and creeds are free to practice and profess their customs, cultures and religious beliefs and soon enough feeling that they belong to one nation.The sixth is the challenge of establishing a scientific and progressive society, a society that is innovative and forward-looking, and one that is not only a consumer of technology but also a reader to the scientific and technological civilization of the future.The seventh challenge is the challenge of establishing a fully caring society and a caring culture, a social system in which society will come before self, in which the welfare of the people will revolve not around the state or the individual but around a strong and resilient family system.The eighth is the challenge of ensuring an economically just society. This is a society in which at that place is a fair and equitable distribution of the wealth of the nation, in which at that pla ce is full partnership in economic progress. Such a society cannot be in place so long as at that place is the identification of race with economic function, and the identification of economic slowness with race.The ninth challenge is the challenge of establishing a prosperous society, with an economy that is fully competitive, dynamic, robust and resilient. 07 DiscussionIs Malaysia on track to 2020? This is the most important question every time the issue of Malaysia 2020 has been raised. And it is important to measure and estimate the strategies and policies to keep Malaysia on track to 2020 Siddiquee (2006) 08 indicated that the recent reforms represent Malaysias attempt to remain relevant and competitive in a rapidly changing local and global environment. It is clear that the changes are largely consistent with NPM (National Public Management) principles and they are not only geared towards enhancing efficiency and institutional capacity of the politicsal machinery, they al so examine to transform it into a dynamic, market- cramn and customer-oriented administration.It is true that Malaysia is ahead of other developing countries in terms of ICT infrastructure and its usage, however, there is a long way to go before Malaysia can catch up with other regional leaders like Singapore and South Korea. Presently, not only the number and types of services offered through such channels are limited but also the public access to such services is inadequate. On the one hand, the public awareness about such facilities is relatively low on the other hand, fender projects being carried out have exposed a variety of challenges Therefore, the reforms, although generally seen as steps in the right direction, have not brought about dramatic improvements in the public sector.An analysis of the public sector competence of 12 Asian countries from 1999 to 2001/2002 by the Global Competitiveness Report shows that Malaysias ranking has dropped from 46 in 1999 to 65 in 2001/2 002. Malaysia has fared poorly compared with neighboring Singapore, which has ranked first for three consecutive years. Measured on a 0-7 scale (where 0 means least competent and 7 means the most competent), Malaysias scads are 2.24, 2.50 and 2.10 against Singapores 4.52, 4.4 and 4.7 during the same period. What is even more surprising is that Malaysias 2001/2002 ranking is below that of Thailand (44), Indonesia (48), and the Philippines (58).The Malaysian experience shows that there is hardly any quick fix to the problems of the public sector and that there is a long way to go before the goals envisioned are realized.Malaysia has, despite its efforts to develop ICT especially in the Multi Media Super Corridor, receded from place 25 (in 1997) on a relative competitiveness scale of infrastructure development to place 38 (out of 49 countries in 2001).Malaysia still implement new ways to achieve its goal The government have started implementing several initiatives to facilitate the sm ooth development of knowledge economy, particularly in the areas of science and technology (ST), research and development, info structure and financing. Examples of some of these initiatives include the launching of the National IT Agenda (NITA) and the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC). These initiatives is to position itself in the global-map of knowledge-based economies and to undertake measures in ensuring that equitable access is targeted to all segments of Malaysia society. As a whole, k-economy provides the means to maintain sustainable rapid economic growth and competitiveness in the medium and long term. As mentioned earlier, the private sector will continue to become the engine of growth in k-economy with support from the public sector. At the same time, the objective of social and economic equity will still be a scathing element in this new stage of economic development but with the added responsibility of narrowing the knowledge gap among various groups, between urban and rural communities and across the regions. Hence, having the national policies and plans in place to drive human resources, private and public sector to achieve k-economy, who is responsible for coordinating and administration of the plans, policies and strategies implemented (Abdullah, lift Kumar (2007))09.conclusionDespite Malaysia have achieved many goals from 1981 till now, there are many difficulties that encounter Malaysia for achieving visions 2020 and there are a lot of problems have to be solved such as the following problemsThe cock-a-hoop gap between Malay and Chinese and Indian citizens between each others whether in communication, dealing, relationships.The non-stabilization in the leaderships of Malaysia government since 2000.Inefficiency to build a new generation to adopt vision 2020 completely.Weakness of awareness of Malaysians society to implement vision 2020.Focusing on development of the big cities like KL, PENANG and disregard the other villages.